feet, 180 sq. A type of sampling that is non-random is convenience sampling. The data are discrete because the data can take on any value in an interval. A histogram is used to graphically represent continuous data. Have some sleep, its important. Scott Keeter et al., Gauging the Impact of Growing Nonresponse on Estimates from a National RDD Telephone Survey, Public Opinion Quarterly 70 no. Note: randInt(0, 30, 3) will generate 3 random numbers. It might sound a bit weird but do not burden yourself with new topics before the exam. a. To choose a systematic sample, randomly select a starting point and take every nth piece of data from a listing of the population. The tables display counts (frequencies) and percentages or proportions (relative frequencies). Do not automatically assume that the study is good, but do not automatically assume the study is bad either. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. Quantitative data may be either discrete or continuous. This is true even when the samples are well-chosen and representative of the population. Work collaboratively to determine the correct data type (quantitative or qualitative). 2. Examples of discrete variables are the number of students and age. Which experiment had the correct results? OOO O A. However, in the real world age is often treated as a discrete variable because it makes more sense when collecting data and when reporting the results of a study. In reality, a sample will never be exactly representative of the population so there will always be some sampling error. Other well-known random sampling methods are the stratified sample, the cluster sample, and the systematic sample. 134.209.154.177 All the members from these clusters are in the cluster sample. However, students shall understand that it is important for them to recognize their interests and based on that, select the best career path possible. The table displays Ethnicity of Students but is missing the "Other/Unknown" category. These data dont have any meaningful order; their values are distributed into distinct categories. Complex numbers and fluctuating data values that be measured over a defined time frame are referred to as continuous data. Three cell phone towers form APQR. A sample of 100 undergraduate San Jose State students is taken by organizing the students names by classification (freshman, sophomore, junior, or senior), and then selecting 25 students from each. You go to the supermarket and purchase three cans of soup (19 ounces) tomato bisque, 14.1 ounces lentil, and 19 ounces Italian wedding), two packages of nuts (walnuts and peanuts), four different kinds of vegetable (broccoli, cauliflower, spinach, and carrots), and two desserts (16 ounces Cherry Garcia ice cream and two pounds (32 ounces chocolate chip cookies). Your answer is correct. Otherwise, the variable is nominal. Doreen uses systematic sampling and Jung uses cluster sampling. A. There are two types of data: Qualitative and Quantitative data, which are further classified into: Now business runs on data, and most companies use data for their insights to create and launch campaigns, design strategies, launch products and services or try out different things. QUESTIONState whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. Show Less. Create a cluster sample by picking two of the columns. First, we use convenience sampling and survey ten students from a first term organic chemistry class. A defective counting device can cause a nonsampling error. O A. Confounding makes it difficult or impossible to draw valid conclusions about the effect of each factor. answer below. The weights of the soups (19 ounces, 14.1 ounces, 19 ounces) are quantitative continuous data because you measure weights as precisely as possible. To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a proportionate number from each stratum. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. The data are the areas of lawns in square feet. Since these samples are not representative of the entire population, is it wise to use the results to describe the entire population? If these data-driven topics got you interested in pursuing professional courses or a career in the field of Data Science. For any particular sample of 1,000, if you are sampling with replacement. O A. The numbers of programs installed on various computers ANSWERA.) Also, the sample represents only those who showed up to the event earlier than the majority. The numbers of hotels in cities Choose the correct answer below. Self-funded or self-interest studies: A study performed by a person or organization in order to support their claim. The examples you have seen in this book so far have been small. This category contains people who did not feel they fit into any of the ethnicity categories or declined to respond. It is classified into two broad categories: qualitative data and quantitative data. The three cans of soup, two packages of nuts, four kinds of vegetables and two desserts are quantitative discrete data because you count them. A histogram is used to display quantitative data: the numbers of credit hours completed. Instead of that, just revise what youve already done. Record the number of ones, twos, threes, fours, fives, and sixes you get in the following table (frequency is the number of times a particular face of the die occurs): Did the two experiments have the same results? State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. Ltd. All rights reserved. Nominal data.Ordinal data.Discrete data.Continuous data. feet. To choose a simple random sample from each department, number each member of the first department, number each member of the second department, and do the same for the remaining departments. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. The data are discrete because the data can take on any value in an interval. Indicate whether quantitative data are continuous or discrete. Our choice also depends on what we are using the data for. Question: CS State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific . Lisa reads two-digit groups until she has chosen three class members (that is, she reads 0.94360 as the groups 94, 43, 36, 60). The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. Your phone book contains 20,000 residence listings. For the purpose of analysis, data are presented as the facts and figures collected together. To four decimal places, 9/25 = 0.3600 and 9/24 = 0.3750. answer below. Small letters like \(x\) or \(y\) generally are used to represent data values. Statistical data about spreading of the epidemic are known in discrete periods of time, for example twenty-four hours. Opinion poll posted online at: www.youpolls.com/details.aspx?id=12328 (accessed May 1, 2013). Legal. Determine the correct data type (quantitative or qualitative) for the number of cars in a parking lot. Weights are quantitative continuous data because weights are measured. the type of car you drive. Variation is present in any set of data. If you count the number of phone calls you receive for each day of the week, you might get values such as zero, one, two, or three. The data . Continuous data is the data that can be of any value. There are distinct or different values in discrete data. We may prefer not to think of 10,00,100 and 10,00,102 as crucially different values, but instead as nearby points on an approximate continuum. 25. To choose a cluster sample, divide the population into clusters (groups) and then randomly select some of the clusters. These values do not have to be complete numbers, but they are values that are fixed. Quantitative data are always numbers. Ordinal data is qualitative data for which their values have some kind of relative position. It is a good idea to look at a variety of graphs to see which is the most helpful in displaying the data. Measurements of the amount of beverage in a 16-ounce can may vary because different people make the measurements or because the exact amount, 16 ounces of liquid, was not put into the cans. amount of money (in dollars) won playing poker, IQ scores (This may cause some discussion.). Non-response or refusal of subject to participate: The collected responses may no longer be representative of the population. The bar graph is used to graphically represent discrete data. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. To do so, the ship must sail between two pairs of islands, avoiding sailing between a third p The actual process of sampling causes sampling errors. The class boundaries are 10 to less than 13, 13 to less than 16, 16 to less than 19, 19 to less than 22, and 22 to less than 25. The data are continuous because the data can only take on specific values. Work more on basics as they form the basis for many other concepts. Samples of only a few hundred observations, or even smaller, are sufficient for many purposes. Sleep deprivation is of no use, instead, you should take a nap to relax the nerves of your brain in order to learn and study later. The size of a sample (often called the number of observations) is important. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. O C. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. To choose a simple random sample of size three from the other members of her class, Lisa could put all 31 names in a hat, shake the hat, close her eyes, and pick out three names. No. Suppose Doreen and Jung both decide to study the average amount of time students at their college sleep each night. Dominic Lusinchi, President Landon and the 1936 Literary Digest Poll: Were Automobile and Telephone Owners to Blame? Social Science History 36, no. In a college population of 10,000 people, suppose you want to pick a sample of 1,000 randomly for a survey. The data are because.continuous the data can take on any value in an interval B. The second pair starts due west and then turns 40 toward south. These data can be represented on a wide variety of graphs and charts, such as bar graphs, histograms, scatter plots, boxplots, pie charts, line graphs, etc. The weights (in tons) of the trees in a forestANSWERA.) The sample probably doesnt represent the entire fan base and is probably biased towards people who would prefer music. O A. . a. stratified; b. cluster; c. stratified; d. systematic; e. simple random; f.convenience. This site is using cookies under cookie policy . This table displays six sets of quiz scores (each quiz counts 10 points) for an elementary statistics class. That is, a member of the population may be chosen only once. Difference Between Continuous and Discrete Data, Questions on Discrete Data Continuous Data. For column 1, Press 5:randInt( and enter 1,10). However the third random number, 0.14669, contains 14 (the fourth random number also contains 14), the fifth random number contains 05, and the seventh random number contains 04. and it is subdivided into nominal and ordinal data. The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. The data are the number of machines in a gym. For example, you can not have a natural order for apple, orange, and banana. Probably not. Show how you know. Work collaboratively to determine the correct data type (quantitative or qualitative). The data he collects are summarized in the histogram. What type of data is this? Each travels 2 miles, then changes direction and travels 1.2 miles. Types of soups, nuts, vegetables and desserts are qualitative data because they are categorical. Rational Numbers Between Two Rational Numbers, XXXVII Roman Numeral - Conversion, Rules, Uses, and FAQs, Find Best Teacher for Online Tuition on Vedantu. b. It is further classified as discrete data and continuous data. A pollster interviews all human resource personnel in five different high tech companies. When you analyze data, it is important to be aware of sampling errors and nonsampling errors. For example, call-in surveys are invariably biased, because people choose to respond or not. The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. The data she collects are summarized in the pie chart Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\). 26. According to a report, today, at least 2.5 quintillion bytes of data are produced per day. It only contains finite values, the subdivision of which is not possible. 1: 23-54 (2012), ssh.dukejournals.org/content/36/1/23.abstract (accessed May 1, 2013). O C. Therefore this is discrete data. 8. A high school principal polls 50 freshmen, 50 sophomores, 50 juniors, and 50 seniors regarding policy changes for after school activities. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. The duration of movies in minutes A.The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. This data helps a company analyze its business, design its strategies, and help build a successful data-driven decision-making process. Try to identify additional data sets in this example. A.The data are continuous because the data can only take on the data can only take on specificvalues. The following pie charts have the Other/Unknown category included (since the percentages must add to 100%). State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. This particular bar graph in Figure \(\PageIndex{4}\) can be difficult to understand visually. Many of these students are taking first term calculus in addition to the organic chemistry class. Statistics and Probability questions and answers, CS State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. A completely random method is used to select 75 students. Suppose we take two different samples. according to measurement accuracy, it can be significantly subdivided into smaller sections. But still, their samples would be, in all likelihood, different from each other. Besides the chemistry course, some of them are also taking first-term calculus. The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. we conducted an additional simulated control chart analysis to determine whether detection of this normal . This pie chart shows the students in each year, which is qualitative data. Even if Doreen and Jung used the same sampling method, in all likelihood their samples would be different. One-third of a number when decreased by 2 equals one-fifth of the nimenbe Find the number. The data are the colors of houses. Examples are lengths, temperature, etc. The chart in Figure \(\PageIndex{6}\) is organized by the size of each wedge, which makes it a more visually informative graph than the unsorted, alphabetical graph in Figure \(\PageIndex{6}\). The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. Solution: - Data : The capacities of different hotels. Data that takes distinct values and cannot be in decimals is called discrete data. For example, if the population is 25 people, the sample is ten, and you are sampling with replacement for any particular sample, then the chance of picking the first person is ten out of 25, and the chance of picking a different second person is nine out of 25 (you replace the first person). Zanas house is at A, 500 feet from the intersection, and Tan's house is at B, 750 feet from F. Which distance is longer, the distance from Zana's house to Tan's house or the distance from Theresa's house to Is house? It is not possible to measure qualitative data in terms of. It is classified into two broad categories: qualitative data and quantitative data. There are a number of options if you go for the statistics degree. We provide you year-long structured coaching classes for CBSE and ICSE Board & JEE and NEET entrance exam preparation at affordable tuition fees, with an exclusive session for clearing doubts, ensuring that neither you nor the topics remain unattended. The colors red, black, black, green, and gray are qualitative data. The following graph is the same as the previous graph but the Other/Unknown percent (9.6%) has been included. You sample five students. What type of data is this? You have to be dedicated. a. The data are because.continuous the data can only take on specific values C. 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If Doreen and Jung took larger samples (i.e. To find the average annual income of all adults in the United States, sample U.S. congressmen. What type of data does this graph show? Therefore this is discrete data. It was mentioned previously that two or more samples from the same population, taken randomly, and having close to the same characteristics of the population will likely be different from each other. If they are not, discuss the reasons. Collecting data carelessly can have devastating results. The volume of cola in a can is 11.8 oz. Surely, you can get all the study material on Vedantu mobile app- learn live online. Biased samples that are not representative of the population give results that are inaccurate and not valid. Indicate whether quantitative data are continuous or discrete. For example, a computer software store conducts a marketing study by interviewing potential customers who happen to be in the store browsing through the available software. The circumferences (in inches) of people's heads Choose the correct answer below. A pie chart cannot be used. It is further classified as discrete data and continuous data. On Tax Day, House to Call for Firing Federal Workers Who Owe Back Taxes. Systematic sampling is frequently chosen because it is a simple method. Why or why not? Data from www.bookofodds.com/Relationsh-the-President. Surveys are typically done without replacement. The ordinal data only shows the sequences and cannot use for statistical analysis. You sample five houses. Question: State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. C. The data are Hair color, blood type, ethnic group, the car a person drives, and the street a person lives on are examples of qualitative data. A discrete data set because there are a finite number of possible values. The data are continuous because the data can only take on specific values. You must choose 400 names for the sample. What type of data is this? We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. A student interviews classmates in his algebra class to determine how many pairs of jeans a student owns, on the average.