what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration?

His patronage allowed some of the most important Portuguese expeditions to take place. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Among those who read Vespuccis reports was the German mapmaker Martin Waldseemuller. There is honey, and there are many kinds of birds, and a great variety of fruits. After Christopher Columbus bumped into the New World in 1492, a string of explorers and conquistadors set about claiming territory for Spain. In the following years, as European exploration spread, slavery spread as well. For many Europeans, the Age of Exploration signifies a time when new lands were discovered. Thousands of Spaniards flocked to the Americas seeking wealth and status. They also had different strategies that helped them make progress through their travels of the ocean. While disease killed populations. Vasco Nez de Balboa traveled across Panama in 1513 and saw the Pacific Ocean for the first time. The Portuguese did not emphasize colonization in their new territories. What does this letter show us about Spanish objectives in the New World? Beyond the splendor of the architecture of the missions, what we see today is the cumulative effect of a historic process Spain triggered with its efforts to govern and Christianize the New World, thereby culturally changing the land and people forever. Translated to conqueror, conquistadors were a class of men who especially partook in the age of exploration and discovery by leading expeditions to the New World with the understanding that conquest would gain them wealth and power with their monarchs. Corts was also aided by a Nahua woman called Malintzin (also known as La Malinche or Doa Marina, her Spanish name), whom the natives of Tabasco gave him as tribute. The Spanish came to the New World first to have a Far East trading link. In the 1500s, Spain surpassed Portugal as the dominant European power. Many ideas and methods of expansion were flowed along over time. Spains acquisitiveness seemingly knew no bounds as groups of its explorers searched for the next trove of instant riches. Spanish fleets returned from the New World with holds full of gold, silver, and precious gemstones while Spanish priests traveled the world to convert and save the souls of the native populations. 3 What impact did Portuguese have on Africa? South American settlement began in 1523 in Venezuela, and in 1524-1526, the Spanish marched through Central America, exerting their control from Guatemala to Nicaragua. Las Meninas (The Maids of Honor), painted by Diego Velzquez in 1656, is one of the best-known paintings in history. She has taught college English and religious education classes and currently works as a freelance writer. What should we consider when we interpret these documents today? spices, of Asia. In short, the actions of the Portuguese and Spanish established a permanent European presence in the New World and set the stage for future conflict and historical movements. Although traditional warfare continued to be a major tool for political control, European countries also grew concerned with gaining economic superiority over their neighbors, their main tool being international trade. Without her, Corts would not have been able to communicate, and without the language bridge, he surely would have been less successful in destabilizing the Aztec Empire. Sugar fueled the Atlantic slave trade, and the Portuguese islands quickly became home to sugar plantations. This conflict provided the background for the heralded Age of Discovery, whereupon European nations began exploring new horizons to find means of expanding their influence and discovering new and hopefully shorter trade routes. The world was opening up, and people were realizing how big it really was. How did Portuguese and Spanish exploration effect the people in Africa? Malintzin translated for Corts in his dealings with Moctezuma and, whether willingly or under pressure, entered into a physical relationship with him. What was the positive impact of Portuguese exploration? It results in increased costs, higher production rates, and lower . Although Europeans continued to trade with the east, especially the seagoing Venetians, the venture was expensive and unsanctioned by the Catholic Church, which forbade Christian trade with Muslim empires. Today they highlight the difficult task of historical work; while the letters are primary sources, historians need to understand the context and the culture in which the conquistadors, as the Spanish adventurers came to be called, wrote them and distinguish their bias and subjective nature. However, they also brought disease and existing conflicts between European nations. (04.05) Painting of a scene showing European explorers and native peoples in the New World. Many other Europeans followed in Columbuss footsteps, drawn by dreams of winning wealth by sailing west. Warfare by the Spanish, using guns, and forced labour in mines and on plantations also contributed. The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. 247 lessons Portuguese sailors continued to make important discoveries in this new arena as well. Columbus also discovered tobacco seeds and brought the seeds back to Europe. What impact did the Portuguese and Spanish explorers have on Europe? Which country initiated the era of Atlantic exploration? It didn't take long for other Spaniards to realize that Columbus had stumbled upon something completely new, and they decided to stay. This involved an exchange of plants, goods, ideas, and diseases from Europe to the Americas. There were different reasons for the Spanish and Portuguese exploration, with the Portuguese establishing a trading post empire to protect their goods, and Spain focusing on empire-building. Columbus held erroneous views that shaped his thinking about what he would encounter as he sailed west. Motivated by curiosity, a desire to expand into new places, a longing to spread Christianity, and especially, a hope to tap into the lucrative Far East trade, Europeans of the 15th and 16th centuries looked outward and began to explore their world. The Portuguese destroyed the Arab trade routes in the Indian Ocean between Africa, Arabia and India. Explorer Bartholomeu Dias made his way around Africa, and Vasco de Gama finally made it to India. In 1492, Granada, the last Muslim stronghold on the Iberian Peninsula, had fallen to the forces of the Spanish monarchs. Eli Whitney Inventions & Facts | What Did Eli Whitney Invent? lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. Ten years later, Francisco Pizarro traveled to Peru where he subsequently conquered the Incan Empire situated in the Andes Mountains. The motives for Spanish exploration was to find Northwest Passage, which they believed was a direct and efficient route to the Orient home of spices, silks and wealth. The Spanish then murdered hundreds of high-ranking Mexica during a festival to celebrate Huitzilopochtli, the god of war. Menu and widgets Spain was unable to compete with Portugal throughout most of the 15th century as it was occupied with consolidating itself on the Iberian peninsula and defeating the Islamic empire that had been present since the early middle ages. The traditional European narrative of exploration presents the victory of the Spanish over the Aztec as an example of the superiority of the Europeans over the savage Indians. How did Exploration impact the world? In the 1540s, Francisco Vsquez de Coronado crossed the Rio Grande and traveled up the Colorado River. A fortified trading post, it had mounted cannons facing out to sea, not inland toward continental Africa; the Portuguese had greater fear of a naval attack from other Europeans than of a land attack from Africans. The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. 5 What was Portugals role in the age of discovery? Portugal explored because they needed spices and jewels and they wanted to conquer lands. Only by playing upon the disunity among the diverse groups in the Aztec Empire were the Spanish able to capture the grand city of Tenochtitln. Indeed, the Spanish created an empire across two continents, and the world would never be the same. The Spanish fleeing from an Aztec force. Portugals Prince Henry the Navigator spearheaded his countrys exploration of Africa and the Atlantic in the 1400s. He then sailed to an island he named Hispaniola (present-day Dominican Republic and Haiti) ([link]). He also started a school Jul 22nd, 2021 Published. What were three outcomes of Spanish Exploration? poway high school bell schedule 2021. 5 Pages. Those who survived were strongly influenced by Spanish language, religion, art and architecture. At Elmina the main source was Ashanti gold, at trading points on the Guinea coast it was gold diverted to Portuguese traders from the caravan route from Timbuktu to Morocco. The Spanish started the trade of potatoes, pineapples, turkey, dahlias, sunflowers, magnolia, maize, chillies and chocolate across the Atlantic. The Portuguese also traded these slaves, introducing much-needed human capital to other European nations. The Spanish also brought the disease smallpox. The Portuguese established a European trading post empire to capitalize on their superior navigation skills and tap into existing African trade routes. Her specialties include early modern European history, gender history, and music history. Henry the navigator was a mapmaker and helped build ships. 1015 Words. The Portuguese built an empire from 1420 onwards that was largely composed of trade centres dotted around the coasts of three continents. Probanzas de mritos were reports and letters written by Spaniards in the New World to the Spanish crown, designed to win royal patronage. . Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. Portugal got richer because of the Indian trade. positivism constructivism or interpretivism and pragmatism what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? In 1492, they completed the Reconquista: the centuries-long Christian conquest of the Iberian Peninsula. In 1533, Pizarro founded Lima, Peru. 1531 He believed that, using calculations based on other mariners journeys, he could chart a westward route to India, which could be used to expand European trade and spread Christianity. Hernando Corts was part of the generation of Spanish colonizers that began the first phase of the Spanish colonization of the Americas. Seeking to ensure that Columbuss finds would remain Spanish, Spains monarchs turned to the Spanish-born Pope Alexander VI, who issued two papal decrees in 1493 that gave legitimacy to Spains Atlantic claims at the expense of Portugal. Other explorers made their way up the California coast and across the American southeast. answer choices. Then, when they found Amerindians, they wanted to colonize and convert them, as well as have access to their gold. THE SPANISH GOLDEN AGE The exploits of European explorers had a profound impact both in the Americas and back in Europe. The Spanish followed suit, beginning with Christopher Columbus, before moving beyond mere trade and focusing on empire building. (1531) While the Portuguese remained focused on the establishment of trading networks, only turning to full colonization later, Spanish discoveries of established empires in North and South America led them to explore and subsequently expand their own empire with the intention of growing wealthier and spreading Catholicism. Portugal discovered new lands, new sea routes and made better maps of the world. Westward Expansion, 1840-1900, Industrialization and the Rise of Big Business, 1870-1900, The Growing Pains of Urbanization, 1870-1900, Leading the Way: The Progressive Movement, 1890-1920, Age of Empire: American Foreign Policy, 1890-1914, The Jazz Age: Redefining the Nation, 1919-1929, Brother, Can You Spare a Dime? This age of exploration and the subsequent creation of an Atlantic World marked the earliest phase of globalization, in which previously isolated groupsAfricans, Native Americans, and Europeansfirst came into contact with each other, sometimes with disastrous results. Q. Francisco Pizarro conquered the Inca Empire and took part in explorations of the northern Caribbean coast of South America. The Portuguese had the best and most up-to-date navigational tools as well. What lands did Spain lay claim to and how did the Portuguese react? Source for information on Spanish Exploration and Colonization: Science and Its Times: Understanding the Social Significance of Scientific Discovery . It was able to amplify the power of Undead army by several magnitudes. Believing he had landed in the East Indies, Columbus called the native Tanos he found there Indios, giving rise to the term Indian for any native people of the New World. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you Originally built by the Portuguese in the fifteenth century, it appears in this image as it was in the 1660s, after being seized by Dutch slave traders in 1637. The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. In the 1500s they had ships called Spanish Galleons that . The age of exploration came along way from 15th to the 17yh century bringing along voyages, conquests, new lands, disease, religion, and the exchange of goods. Instead, he encouraged exploration and directed many important expeditions. However, after three years of entreaties, and, more important, the completion of the Reconquista, Ferdinand and Isabella agreed to finance Columbuss expedition in 1492, supplying him with three ships: the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria. Map showing the routes to the Far East. Among these was Toribio Motolinia, whose work, History of the Indians of New Spain, provided a comprehensive description not only of conversion methods, but Aztec religious and cultural practices. Payroll Services Expert, Novartis, Prague, Czech Republic 20+ Billion Cash Disbursements, 600k + payments through more than 400 Bank Accounts and countless lives impacted positively with our contributions to fulfill our noble purpose of reimagining medicineThe Payroll Services Expert supports the development of P&O processes, principles, and guidelines for a small client group, as well as . During the Spanish colonial era, ships frequently transported mercury across the Atlantic to the New World to be used in gold mining. Why was exploration so important to Spain? The Reconquista marked another step forward in the process of making Spain an imperial power, and Ferdinand and Isabella were now ready to look further afield. Along the way, the explorers were always on the lookout for gold and silver. Which country established the first colonies in the Americas? found and claimed Pacific Ocean for Spain and called it the south sea Hernando Cortes 1519- to find gold glory and god. The voyages of Columbus. Ushered in a new age of sustained global contact; world connected through networks of exchange. Far from being unified and content under Aztec rule, many peoples in Mexico resented it and were ready to rebel. How did explorers born in Portugal impact the world? The Spanish established the first European settlements in the Americas, beginning in the Caribbean and, by 1600, extending throughout Central and South America. Slaves lived in the dungeon for weeks or months until ships arrived to transport them to Europe or the Americas. These countries, therefore, represent two distinct, but key goals of New World exploration that became the basic pattern for the history of the Atlantic World. The Spanish also introduced Catholicism into the New World. Columbus' reports about the many people already living in the New World prompted Queen Isabel to consider them under her protection as members of the Spanish Empire, promising to bring them to the Catholic faith and wanting them to be fairly treated. In 1519, he entered Tenochtitln, the capital of the Aztec (Mexica) Empire. Francisco Vsquez de Coronado was born into a noble family and went to Mexico, then called New Spain, in 1535.