similarities of datu and president

He also banned communist party which was a mistake. However, although Spain eventually established footholds in northern and eastern Mindanao and the Zamboanga Peninsula, its armies failed to colonize the rest of Mindanao. Donec aliquet. The datu is not the king; he was the chieftain of the barangay, a wealthiest person in the community with "alipin" or slaves. 1. Pellentesque dapibus efficitur laoreet. The island was later divided into three "sakops" namely: Hamtik, Aklan and Irong-Irong. Donec aliquet. [3] In Tagalog communities, the equivalent title was that of lakan. What made this speech more epic was the fact Tamblot made it . Their domains became self-ruled tributary barangays of the Spanish Empire. This unit is headed by a chief known as the datu. 1. In comparison, Duterte received 16.6 million total votes in 2016. . [76][77], (N.B. The President leads the country. Moros, Lumads and Visayans now share with new settlers a homeland in Mindanao. Datu is a title which denotes the rulers (variously described in historical accounts as chiefs, sovereign princes, and monarchs) of numerous indigenous peoples throughout the Philippine archipelago. La Pampanga, initially the name assigned to the area by the Spanish conquerors, translated to a river bank. Pellentesque dapibus efficitur laoreet. There are currently a little over 42,000 barangays all over the country. A Datu is a leader of a tribe while a President is the leader of a country. Nam risus ante, dapibus a molestie consequat, ultrices ac magna. The "authority, power, and influence" of the datu (adjali) emanated primarily from his recognized status within the noble class. It was not permitted for Spanish parish priests to treat these Filipino nobles with less consideration. [26] This social order was divided into three classes. Access to over 100 million course-specific study resources, 24/7 help from Expert Tutors on 140+ subjects, Full access to over 1 million Textbook Solutions. Emma Helen Blair and James Alexander Robertson. In such cases, datus of these barangays would then select the most senior or most respected among them to serve as what scholars referred to as a "paramount leader" or "paramount datu". It is a martial art characterized by the use of "swinging and twirling movements, accompanied by striking, thrusting and parrying techniques for defense and offense.". Pellentesque dapibus efficitur laoreet. In pre-Islamic times, the political leadership office was vested in a rajahship in Manila and a datuship elsewhere in the Philippines. The province's creation dating back to 1571 makes it the first Spanish province in the Philippines. There also the first Roman Catholic mass . Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, co, Fusce dui lectus, congue vel laoreet ac, dictum vitae odio. [18] Others have resisted joining the Moro and Communist separatist movements. [5] Although the position of datu could be inherited, the Maginoo could decide to choose someone else to follow within their own class, if that other person proved a more capable war leader or political administrator. Being the spiritual leader, the babaylan was in charge of rituals, including The presence of four Muslim leaders at the inauguration of the Philippine Republic on July 4, 1946, showed the occasion's historical significance to the Moro people: their status in a unitary . Tabin Wildlife Resort, Lahad Datu: See 209 traveller reviews, 237 candid photos, and great deals for Tabin Wildlife Resort, ranked #1 of 9 Speciality lodging in Lahad Datu and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor. Similarities on datu and president - 7065283 Answer: Datu is a title which denotes the rulers (variously described in historical accounts as chiefs, sovereign princes, and monarchs of numerous indigenous peoples throughout the Philippine archipelago. The President's reference to "America and Islam" can be confusing for the two are not the same. 4. (1983) Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. Rated Helpful. POLITICAL STRUCTURE. Politics is the actual process of how humans interact in groups. As we can all remember, one of the earliest uprisings during the Spanish period happened in Bohol in 1621 and was led by the babaylan Tamblot who wanted the people to return to the religion of their forefathers. In early Philippine history, datus and a small group of their close relatives formed the "apex stratum" of the traditional three-tier social hierarchy of lowland Philippine societies. Other groups in each country include Teochew, Cantonese, and Hainanese. 05/02/2018 PhilLife History 1. In the debate, Kaine called out Pence on saying that "Vladimir Putin is is a . the pivotal centers of regional resource mobilization systems. She examines the author's life and times and discovers that there are obvious similarities between the conspiracy in the play and the Popish Plot. Tonina whose direct descendants are generally from the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Sultanate in Mindanao being the first inhabitant in Mindanao from Malaysia more particularly the three original tribal natives, ethnically the maranao from Lanao, Iranon from Maguindanao and tausog from Jolo. Jevi Joy Belgira. 2. [4] Only a member of this birthright aristocracy (called "maginoo", "nobleza", "maharlika", or "timagua" by various early chroniclers) could become a datu; members of this elite could hope to become a datu by demonstrating prowess in war or exceptional leadership. This area was populated by Islamized peoples ("Moros" to the Spaniards) and by many non-Muslim indigenous groups now known as Lumad peoples.[17]. Country star Brad Paisley is releasing a new song that features Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy. He or she is the head of state, leader of the national government, and Commander-in-Chief of all armed forces of the Philippines. 3. The 2013 Lahad Datu standoff arose after 235 militants, some of whom were armed, arrived by boats in Lahad Datu, Sabah, Malaysia from Simunul island, Tawi-Tawi in the southern Philippines on 11 February 2013. Sarabanon 4. The basic unit of settlement was the barangay [a Malay term for boat], originally a kinship group headed by a datu (chief). In return for tribute and labor, the datu provided aid in emergencies and advocacy in disputes with other communities and warfare through the Agama and Maratabat laws. 1) Marilyn Monroe died on August 5th 1962, so it was impossible for Kennedy to have been with her when he died on Nov. 22nd. The Filipino royals and nobles formed part of the exclusive, and elite ruling class, called the principala (noble class) of the Philippines. Immediately, it provoked an uproar, stirring up dj vu of the height of student activism when Ferdinand Marcos pushed the country to . (RM 151) RM 102 for My Inn Hotel, Lahad Datu. datu michael abas kida, in his personal capacity, and in representation of maguindanao federation of autonomous irrigators association, inc., hadji muhmina j. usman, john anthony l. lim, jamilon t. odin, asrin timbol jaiyari, mujib m. kalang, alih al-saidi j. sapi-e, kessar damsie abdil, and bassam aluh saupi, petitioners, vs. . Some were more powerful than others, and each one had his followers and subjects, by districts and families; and these obeyed and respected the chief. McCoy, Alfred W. (1983) An Anarchy of Families: State and Family in the Philippines. [83], Heads of dynasties (even the deposed ones) belong to one of the three kinds of sovereignty that has been existing in human society. President Nixon had a background in Congress and Politics, while President Reagan was favored by the nation due to his acting career. Datu is a title which denotes the rulers (variously described in historical accounts as chiefs, sovereign princes, and monarchs) of numerous indigenous peoples throughout the Philippine archipelago. Prices are calculated as of 20/02/2023 based on a check-in date of 05/03/2023. Arnis enjoys the status of the de jure national sport of the Philippines. Instead, they created nobiliary titles over conquered territories in the archipelago, in order to reward high Spanish colonial officials. The above-mentioned Boxer Codex calls these "timawas": knights and hidalgos. However, the practical implications of this claim is unclear, e.g., in the case of usurpation of titles by other members of the bloodline. Although the late Lee Kuan Yew was extraordinary for intellectual brilliance in an almost . They had datos and other special leaders [mandadores] who attended to the interests of the barangay. [48], The principala was larger and more influential than the pre-conquest indigenous nobility. Political science seeks to study the origin, nature and functions of the State, Government and its ( minutes) all organs. This set of interconnected essays by Dr Eva-Lotta Hedman and Dr John Sidel represents a scholarly attempt to redress the balance of analysis in interpreting the nature of Philippine politics during the course of the Twentieth Under his leadership, Mactan warriors defeated the army of the Portuguese voyager Ferdinand Magellan, who was sent on an expedition by the Spanish king. The unit of government of the indigenous Filipinos was the barangay, which was a family-based community of 30 to 100 families, occupying a pook ("locality" or "area") Headed by a chieftain called a datu who exercised all functions of governmentexecutive, legislative, and judiciala barangay was not only a political but also a . Ar. [59] In some other portions of the Visayas and Mindanao, there was no separate name for the most senior ruler, so the paramount ruler was simply called a datu,[57][3] although one datu was identifiable as the most senior. Marcos proclaimed as president-elect . [87], This is the view to reconsider when we study sovereignty based on the political impact of the 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines to the some polities that have been existing since the pre-colonial period, e.g., the Sultanate of Sulu and the Sultanate of Maguindanao.[88]. [82] The Philippine government grants state honors and decorations, and through the system of awards and decorations of its Armed Forces of the Philippines and the Philippine National Police. President Sia Man Siong was was installed as their 2021 LO President. The title is still used today, especially in Mindanao, Sulu and Palawan, but it w. Aside from the Kalatungan Tribal Council, there are also consultations with gabpadin. We already touched on some of the similarities and differences in my post on Monday, which covered the Governor's line-item veto authority, a power that the President does not have. The view of an author living in the 20th century democratic country has a lot of difference from those who came from monarchic societies, who had actual contact with the pre-colonials, and who tried to qualify and approximate the conventions used in local hierarchical structures using the constructs of their time and context, in order to understand their actual experience of contact with what existed in the archipelago during the 16th century. They have continued to act as the community leaders in their respective tribes among a variety of Indigenous peoples in Mindanao. In other parts of the archipelago, the rulers were called rajah, sultan, or hadji. Similarities on datu and president Advertisement Answer 6 people found it helpful althea1132 Answer: Datu is a title which denotes the rulers (variously described in historical accounts as chiefs, sovereign princes, and monarchs of numerous indigenous peoples throughout the Philippine archipelago. Having been handed down from generation to generation for centuries, the discipline hones the skill . korbell plus refill apotea; jake hess death; lithonia shop light model 1233 [19], In more affluent and powerful territorial jurisdictions and principalities in the Visayas, e.g., Panay[20][21][22] Cebu and Leyte[23][24](which were never conquered by Spain but were accomplished as vassals using pacts, peace treaties, and reciprocal alliances),[25] the "datu" class was at the top of a divinely sanctioned and stable social order in a sakop or kinadatuan (kadatuan in ancient Malay; kedaton in Javanese; and kedatuan in many parts of modern Southeast Asia), which is elsewhere commonly referred to also as barangay. Malaysia is one of the top 5 countries with the largest population of overseas Filipinos. [5] Even "paramount datus" such as lakans or rajahs exercised only a limited degree of influence over the less-senior datus they led, which did not include claims over the barangays and territories of these less-senior datus. Donec aliquet. In 1933, Franklin D. Roosevelt became the president of the United State after President Herbert Hoover. In a Parliamentary system, the president is the head of state and there is a prime minister who is the head of government (the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government). Considering the theory of Jean Bodin, that "Sovereignty is one and indivisible, it cannot be delegated, sovereignty us irrevocable, sovereignty is perpetual, sovereignty is a supreme power", one can argue about the rights of deposed dynasties, also as fons honorum. Meredith Whittaker, the former Google manager, is Signal's first president. the chief or datu was the chief executive, the legislator, and the judge; he was also the supreme commander in times of war alliances among barangays were common and these were formalized in a ritual called sangduguan conflicts between or among barangays were settled by violence; those who win by force is always right The Commonwealth government went in exile when the Japanese occupied the Philippines from 1942-1945. Rajah Siagu - King of the Manobo in 1521. Travellers who came to the Philippine archipelago from kingdoms or empires such as Song and Ming dynasty China, or 16th Century Spain, even initially referred to datus or paramount datus as "kings", even though they later discovered that datus did not exercise absolute sovereignty over the members of their barangays. But these were generally inland communities; or if they were coastal, they were not located in areas good for business pursuits. However, a Datu's power is limited to his . They were port captains in coastal towns. Although the datus and paramount datus of early Philippine polities were a "birthright aristocracy" and were widely recognized "aristocratic" or "noble", comparable to the nobles and royals of the Spanish colonizers, the nature of their relationship with the members of their Barangay was less asymmetrical than in a monarchic political systems in other parts of the world. References to be use. medicare advantage record retention requirements. 1, Series of 1998, of the National Commission on Indigenous Peoples specifically under Rule IV, Part I, Section 2, a-c), which reads: From the above-mentioned ordinance of the National Commission on Indigenous Peoples, the current usage of the title datu for newly created offices of leadership of tribal minorities does not accord nobility, which is forbidden by the Constitution of the republican state.[81]. [5] Antonio de Morga, in his work Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, expounds on the degree to which early Philippine datus could exercise their authority:.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}, "There were no kings or lords throughout these islands who ruled over them as in the manner of our kingdoms and provinces; but in every island, and in each province of it, many chiefs were recognized by the natives themselves. "[5], The office of datu was normally passed on through heredity,[8] and even in cases where it was not passed on through direct descent, only a fellow member of the aristocratic class could ascend to the position. Cf. [37] All members of this datu class were principales,[38] whether they ruled or not. 1. With this declaration, the tourism master plan of the municipality was prepared. The issue is that of innate nobility, Cf. Nevertheless, he interdicted the navy's direct contact with the media and the tensions gradually began to ebb. Answer: Hi Leah: Datu is a title which denotes the rulers (variously described in historical accounts as chiefs, sovereign princes, and monarchs of numerous indigenous peoples throughout the Philippine archipelago. However, through the Indigenous Peoples' Rights Act of 1997, the republic also protects the peculiar situation of tribal minorities and their traditional indigenous social structures. Professor Emilio Furno (Advocate in the Italian Supreme Court of Appeal), Learn how and when to remove this template message, Aliping namamahay, Alipin sa gigilid, Bulisik, Bulislis, Horohan, Uripon, Paramount rulers in early Philippine history, History of Spanish slavery in the Philippines, influenced by Hindu and Buddhist cultures, Recorded list of Datus in the Philippines, "Royal Society Dignitaries Priority Honorable Members", "Austronesian Comparative Dictionary: Datu", "Lumad chieftain abandons rebel movement in Agusan", "The Impacts of Spanish Rule in the Philippines", "Filipino Identity: The Haunting Question". The Spanish conquistador, Miguel de Loarca, described them as "free men, neither chiefs nor slaves". youth football diamond formation 16th January 2022 - byapigee logging to splunk. KTS Group is currently managed by Hui Kang's sons, Datuk Henry Lau Lee Kong, Stephen Lau Lee Kiong and Temenggong Datuk Vincent Lau Lee Ming. The noble class was exclusive, and its members were not allowed to marry outside of the aristocracy. Lorem ipsum dolorlestie consequat, ultrices ac magna. In other words, the President is determined to consider and to act towards the Mohammedan Filipinos as he considers and acts towards the Christians, precisely because he agrees with you that the so-called Moro problem is a myth. A pre-colonial couple belonging to the datu or nobility as depicted in the Boxer Codex of the 16th century. castigos para retos entre amigos 5th June 2022 - by. Emma Helen Blair and James Alexander Robertson, The Philippine Islands (14931898), Cleveland: The A.H. Clark Company, 1903, Vol. Meanwhile, the datus keep their marriageable daughters secluded for protection and prestige. 2. The Bukidnon province population grew from 63,470 in 1948 to 194,368 in 1960 and 414,762 in 1970, with the proportion of indigenous Bukidnons falling from 64% to 33% to 14%. In examined the comparison between two vernacular dailies in portrayal of the Lahad Datu crisis news covera ge, researcher conducted Kruskal Wallis's test. President Manuel Quezon and Vice President Sergio Osmea headed the first Commonwealth government. When the dates of tracking polls from the same pollster overlap, only the most recent version is shown. They performed at once the functions of judges and even of notaries with defined powers. As noted by Fray San Buenaventura (1613, as cited by Junker, 1990 and Scott, 1994), however, the Tagalogs only applied hari (king) to foreign monarchs, such as those of the Javanese Madjapahit kingdoms, rather than to their own leaders. I learned that there are similarities and differences between a Datu and a President. A datu is still basic to the smooth functioning of Lumad and Moro societies today. Cf. Some have joined the New People's Army (NPA), a communist rebel group in the country, for the cause of their people. They can do whatever they wish; their only fear is a. Although in his book, Scot mentioned mostly examples found in Mindanao, however, this form of society was predominant on the plains of Visayan Islands, as well as in Luzon, during the pre-conquest era. Seeing Your Father Sick In Dream Islamic Interpretation, As a result of such Indianization, Buddhism is the largest religion in both countries. The Tagalogs, for example had the word "hari" to describe a monarch. The mystery of Pre-Colonial Philippines. similarities of datu and president 1 The Commonwealth government went in exile when the Japanese occupied the Philippines from 1942-1945. Encrypted app Signal just hired one of Big Tech's sharpest critics. Few people realize that before the Spanish colonization, the Philippines was already home to a vibrant thriving society of native tribes. Donec aliquet. Anderson,Benedict. Donec aliquet. A Datu is a Filipino Chieftain, the ruler of a Baranggay. [49][50] The Spanish colonial government's prohibition for foreigners to own land in the Philippines contributed to the evolution of this form of oligarchy. The Board welcomed NVP Max Voo . Marford M. Angeles (Deputy Head of Mission and Consul General Embassy of the Republic of the Philippines, Abu Dhabi), Ar. No, they were not slaves since their position was not permanent. The 1973 Constitution that extended the term of President Marcos beyond the provision of the 1935 Constitution, and set up the fourth republic; and 5. You take me on, I take my hatchet, we meet in the cul-de-sac.". The title of "Honorary Datu" has also been conferred to certain foreigners and non-tribe members by the heads of local tribes and Principalities of ancient origin. Political Science is the process by which people try to influence their government. Nam risus ante, dapibus a molestie consequat, ultrices ac magna. Fusce dui lectus, congue vel laoreet ac, dictum vitae odio. [clarification needed], Datu (Baybayin: .mw-parser-output .script-baybayin{font-family:"Tagalog Stylized","Baybayin Lopez","Tagalog Doctrina 1593","Noto Sans Tagalog","Noto Sans Hanunoo",Code2000}) is the title for chiefs, sovereign princes, and monarchs throughout the Philippine archipelago. In this system, the difference between the president and the government is that the president is one part of the government. In later times, Hamtik became Antique, Aklan became Capiz and Irong-Irong became Iloilo. IG: @mahendradatu A startups enthusiast, Mahendra enjoys working in the fields of Business Development and Innovation. Mahendra's professional work began as an apprentice at the Sooke-Jordan River Chamber of Commerce, BC, Canada in early 1990s for the Youth Needs Assessment sponsored by Montreal-based Jeunesse Canada Monde. Between 1994-1995 Mahendra undertook multi . Donec al, rem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. FERRANDO, Fr Juan & FONSECA OSA, Fr Joaquin (18701872). This "essential inequality of individuals and their mutual obligations to each other" informed the reciprocal relationships (expressed in the Filipino value of "utang na loob") that defined the three-tiered social structure typical among early Philippine peoples. Nam risus ante, dapibus a molesti, usce dui lectus, congue vel laoreet ac, dictum vitae odio. Classless societies; 2.) [17], There are 18 Lumad ethnolinguistic groups: Ata people, Bagobo, Banwaon, B'laan, Bukidnon, Dibabawon, Higaonon, Mamanwa, Mandaya, Manguwangan, Manobo, Mansaka, Subanon, Tagakaolo, Tasaday, Tboli, Teduray and Ubo.[17]. . Statistical model by Nate Silver. Abraham Lincoln, (1809 - 02 - 12) February 12, 1809, Hodgenville, Kentucky, U.S. February 22, 1732 in Westmoreland County, British Colony of Virginia. Yes, a Datu is similar to the President in terms of status, however, they differ in responsibility. During this time, Ternate was beset by dynastic quarrels. There are similarities in terms of duties to govern the country but essentially , a president only has executive powers while a datu has executive legislative and judicial powers . Datus were supported by their tribes. Height. They were allowed to sit in the houses of the Spanish provincial governors, and in any other places. The President serves a six-year term and cannot be re-elected. Historians classify four types of unhispanized societies in the Philippines, some of which still survive in remote and isolated parts of the Country: During the early part of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines the Spanish Augustinian Friar, Gaspar de San Agustn, O.S.A., describes Iloilo and Panay as one of the most populated islands in the archipelago and the most fertile of all the islands of the Philippines. 4._____ Isa sa mga tungkulin ng datu ang pagpapatayo ng Madrasah. Lapu-Lapu. These datus had acquired rights to the same advantages from their legal "Timawa" or vassals (second-order), who bind themselves to the datu as his seafaring warriors. In some cases, such as the more developed sakop or kinadatuan in the Visayas (e.g., Panay, Bohol and Cebu), origin myths and other folk narratives firmly placed the datu and the aristocratic class at the top of a divinely sanctioned and stable social order. He established one of the first Christian settlements in the country. 1. was the datu similar to a president? 8. [27] As agalon or amo (lords),[28] the datus enjoyed an ascribed right to respect, obedience, and support from their "oripun" (commoner) or followers belonging to the third order. Here are some of the top similarities I noticed throughout both debates. Also his . He was the one responsible for the interests of his people. gabriel iglesias volkswagen collection. The division was envisioned to jumpstart the economy of . Pellentesque dapibus efficitur laoreet. Donec aliquet. The Kadatuan (members of the Visayan datu class) were compared by the Boxer Codex to the titled lords (seores de titulo) in Spain. In other parts of the archipelago, the rulers were called rajah, sultan, or hadji. Nam risus ante, dapibus a molestie consequat, ultrices ac magna. On August 1, 1980, the Bureau was further . In comparison, Sultan Qudarat claimed he could immediately raise an army of 10,000 while the Buayan datus boasted that they could easily gather 100 fully armed caracoas, 60 of them armed and manned by Buayanens and 40 by vassal negeris. President Benigno Aquino III left the country a mixed, surely imperfect, but overall good legacy. In all else the governors shall see that the chiefs are benefited justly, and the Indians shall pay them something as a recognition, as they did during the period of their paganism, provided it be without prejudice to the tributes that are to be paid us, or prejudicial to that which pertains to their encomenderos." It can be said that their ius honorum depends on their rights as a family, and does not depend on the authority of the "de facto" government of a state. Lorem ipsum dol, acinia pulvinar tortor nec facilisis. Located about 4 miles (6 km) off the southern tip of the island of Leyte just outside the mouth of Sogod Bay, Limasawa rises to about 700 feet (200 m). They had a portion of the datu's blood in their veins. Leader of UMNO batu 7, Lahad Datu. Datu is the title for chiefs, sovereign princes, and monarchs [1] in the Visayas [2] and Mindanao [3] Regions of the Philippines.Together with Lakan (), Apo in Central and Northern Luzon, [4] Sultan and Rajah, they are titles used for native royalty, and are still currently used in the Philippines. Nam risus ante, dapibus a molestie consequat, ultrices ac magna. I PROCEED now to trace the real characters of the proposed Executive, as they are marked out in the plan of the convention. Even though it is not a de facto right, it is still a right. A President is the head of the state and should work in accordance with the law and faithfully execute its laws and directives, commands, instructions, decrees and judgments issued by competent authorities without any restriction or encroachment whatsoever on his . Nam lacinia pulvinar tortor nec facilisis. Kehinde Wiley St John The Baptist, Moreover, dependents we're . Fusce dui lectus, congue vel laoreet ac, dictum vitae odio. These honors do not grant or create titles of royalty or nobility, in accordance with the Constitution. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. They had datos and other special leaders [mandadores] who attended to the interests of the barangay. The President has more power than most modern monarchs. In the U.K., the head of state and head of government are different roles. The descendants of rulers of Islamic precolonial polities in Mindanao, and the descendants of the Christianized datus. Woderick M. Pareja (Vice President for Programs & Development), Ar. Cf. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Lumad peoples controlled an area that now covers 17 of Mindanao's 24 provinces but by the 1980 census, they constituted less than 6% of the population of Mindanao and Sulu. In Panay, even at present, the landed descendants of the Principales are still referred to as. . Cf. She is most likely a critic. The world is not only inhabited by humans . Juni 2022. on Mindanao its the excellent Located coast, har- and on is CAGAYAN bor in Macalajar Bay on the north Mindanao coast, is the capital of Misamis Oriental Province. 05 Jun 2022 ls3 6l80e swap 13th March 2022 - bycurtis wayne wright jr wife. Information on valuation, funding, acquisitions, investors, and executives for Datu Health. 1973 Constitution provides Parliamentary form of Government while 1983 Constitution offers Presidential form of Government. If you were given a chance to continue the story, how would you do it? 2. explain each way in few sentences only. 2. why were the dependents not considered as slaves? [3], Some early examples were the Song dynasty traders who came to the Philippines and referred to the ruler of Ma-i as a "huang", meaning "king"[57] an appellation later adopted by the Ming dynasty courts when dealing with the Philippine archipelago cultures of their own time, such as Botuan and Luzon.