hypochromia and polychromasia hypochromia and polychromasia

Deficiency of the first enzyme in the pathway, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD), is rather common. Target Cells (Codocytes): erythrocytes that are thinner than normal which show a peripheral rim of hemoglobin with a dark central hemoglobin-containing area. Hypochromia usually occurs when there is not enough of the pigment that carries oxygen (hemoglobin) in the red blood cells. Heavy periods in women and gastric bleeding due to ulcers can also cause hypochromic anemia. Clinical depression is often seen with this condition. a. Destruction of red cells at a rate substantially greater than normal, if not compensated for by accelerated red cell production, causes hemolytic anemia. Premature RBCs are called reticulocytes. More information about each condition and how they affect RBC production follows the table. A hormone produced by kidney called erythropoietin is needed for this process to get stimulated. Polychromasia Definition, Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, This website is an online medical resource dedicated to offering detailed and current literature on diseases, remedies, health care, drugs and medical conditions. If both are: Reported that would indicate a blood smear with size and color variation in the red blood cells. The enlarged spleen may further aggravate the anemia by pooling and trapping the circulating red cells. Red blood cells are formed in various organs in various stage of life. This is normally found out by examining the blood through the microscope. Polychromasia is a lavender-bluish color to RBC's due to RNA retained in larger, immature cells (macrocytes). Any abnormality of . Common symptoms associated with this lab findings are: Treatment for this condition depends upon the underlying cause. Generally, youll start to feel better after a week or so of treatment. A blood smear tells your doctor about the different types of cells and the amounts of each that are in your blood., A peripheral blood smear tells how many red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are in your blood. Initially, iron deficiency anemia can be so mild that it goes unnoticed. As a result, iron deficiency anemia may leave you tired and short of breath. Hypochromia. Hypochromic microcytic anemia with iron overload is a condition that impairs the normal transport of iron in cells. Iron is the main component of hemoglobin and is the prime . Ask your doctor when to have your blood rechecked to measure your iron levels. Anemia caused by bone marrow not producing normal blood cells due to toxins or tumor cells (myelophthisic process) ". After one year, be sure children dont drink more than 20 ounces (591 milliliters) of milk a day. Scanning electron microscopy 80 . Polychromasia is not disease itself. The term hypochromia (previously often designated hypochromasia ), refers to the presence of red cells that stain unusually palely. Your red blood cells are the cells in your blood that carry oxygen to the rest of your body. Fatigue and tiredness occur due to less concentration of blood in body. 2016;117(8):1299-304. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4811711, Microcytic anemia. The diseases which cause increased formation of RBCs or the diseases in which the function of bone marrow is damaged can lead to finding of polychromasia. You can enhance your bodys absorption of iron by drinking citrus juice or eating other foods rich in vitamin C at the same time that you eat high-iron foods. Hemoglobin C crystals: are hexagonal crystals that may be found in individuals with HbC syndromes. Polychromasia is the presentation of multicolored red blood cells in a blood smear test. Red cells metabolize glucose by breaking it down to lactic acid either via an anaerobic (oxygenless) pathway or by oxidation through a pathway called the pentose phosphate pathway. Common causes of iron deficiency are excessive menstrual loss in women and bleeding peptic ulcer in men. The granules are composed of unstable RNA and may be fine of coarse. Not all cancers affect RBC turnover. Iron deficiency anemia develops when the diet lacks iron, the gastrointestinal tract fails to absorb dietary iron, or the amount of iron lost by the body is abnormally high 2. Treatment varies with the cause of the hemolytic anemia. Signs of less mature cells in the peripheral blood (polychromasia and erythroblastaemia) Reduced or unequal haemoglobin content and concentration (hypochromia, anisochromasia or dimorphism) Increased variation in size (anisocytosis) and shape (poikilocytosis), basophilic stippling, sometimes dimorphism. Another variety of G-6-PD deficiency is especially frequent in persons of Mediterranean descent. . There are literally hundreds of possible causes of anemia: acute . Treatment options may include: If youve been diagnosed with any of the conditions that can cause polychromasia, talk to your doctor about the safest, most effective treatment options for you. To improve the chances that your body will absorb the iron in the tablets, you may be instructed to: Iron supplements can cause constipation, so your doctor may also recommend a stool softener. .This is protected and monitored under Digital Millennium Copyright Act. Constipation can occur due to decreased circulation. In some cases, radiation therapy can cause changes in the way blood cells look. These cells, which remain after ejection of the nucleus from the orthochromatic erythroblast are slightly larger than mature erythrocytes. Normally, a person's RBCs should all be roughly the same size. Polychromasia. Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. They are formed from stem cells undergoing development in various stages. SOME INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT COVID-19 ANTIBODY TEST. At that time, theyll be able to detect polychromasia on a blood smear if its present. All rights reserved to Healthcaretip.com | Powered by Blogger. There are two principal causes of hemolytic anemia: (1) inherently defective red cells and (2) an environment hostile to red cells. These reticulocytes appear on a blood film as a bluish color because they still contain RNA fragments, which arent usually present on mature RBCs. . (2014). Ovalocytes are red blood cells that have an oval shape rather than the usual round doughnut shape. Changes in Red cells: These are various changes in the size and shape of your Red blood cells (RBCs). The anaerobic pathway, the main route of metabolism, provides energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). There are normally two pairs of -genes, and the severity of the anemia is determined by the number deleted. Or, the blood may be examined by an automated machine. A different hemoglobin (Hb F) is present in fetal life and possesses a pair of the same -chains as does Hb A, but the second set contains gamma- (-) chains. They may be significant if your Hemoglobin is low ( Anemia ). What are possible symptoms with these conditions? Microcytosis: abnormally small erythrocytes (i.e., less than 6 in diameter). Many conditions can cause RBC destruction and lead to hemolytic anemia. Your doctor comes to know about it with a lab test. Hypochromia 1+ The symptoms vary depending upon the underlying disease causing this condition. Polychromasia is a lab finding associated with multiple diseases. These immature cells are called reticulocytes.. Normal red blood cell cytoplasm typically does not contain any debris, granules, or structures. A malfunction of the abnormal hemoglobin may result in erythrocythemia, or overproduction of red cells. We avoid using tertiary references. [clinicaladvisor.com] They account for 40% to 45% of the total volume of your blood. Polychromatophilia (polychromasia) refers to an increase in the number of younger RBCs (retculocytes) with incomplete hemoglobinizaton. Polychromasia, as well as the specific blood disorders that cause it, can be diagnosed via a blood smear test. Anisocytosis with macrocytosis - Enlarged . The relative deficiency of one pair of chains and the resultant imbalance of chain pairs result in ineffective production of red blood cells, deficient hemoglobin production, microcytosis (small cells), and destruction of red cells (hemolysis). Prolonged breastfeeding, excessive amounts of cows' milk and strict vegan diets may lead to iron deficiency . Sickle cells (drepanocyes): are interchangeable terms used to indicate sickle-like forms of erythrocytes (crescent-shaped, irregular spines, filaments, holly-leaf appearance) noted when RBC containing HbS are subjected to reduction in oxygen tension or pH. In other cases the iron in heme may exist in the oxidized, or ferric (Fe3+), state and thus cannot combine with oxygen to carry it to tissues. Your body absorbs more iron from meat than it does from other sources. SEUC; urea: 20 mg/dl (2.5-6.4 mg/dl). Smoking should be quit as it contains nicotine and caffeine responsible for less absorption of iron. Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia throughout the world. Other varieties of hemolytic anemia include that associated with mechanical trauma, such as that produced by the impact of red cells on artificial heart valves, excessive heat, and infectious agents (e.g., the organism causing malaria). If it is not treated, this can lead to a disorder called iron deficiency anemia. Microcytic anemia happens when something affects your body's ability to make healthy red blood cells, and you may not be able to prevent some of those things from happening. "The presence of teardrop-shaped cells may indicate: Myelofibrosis. Such cells are mechanically fragile and readily swell up and burst in dilute salt solution. Blood film: Anisopoikilocytosis, microcytosis, hypochromia with pencil cells (showing iron deficiency). Certain patients are susceptible to oxidant drugs such as antimalarial compounds mentioned above. Bone marrow dysfunction may also cause the body to overcompensate and release RBCs early. . This condition can occur because of many causes. Poikilocytosis: Variations in RBC shape and morphology. The corpuscular defect may appear if it is inherited from either parent (it is caused by a dominant gene). Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1. About 1% of ovalocytes are found in a normal complete blood count. Increased red cell destruction is recognized by demonstrating increased quantities of the pigmentary products of their destruction, such as bilirubin and urobilinogen, in the blood plasma, urine, and feces and by evidence of accelerated erythropoiesis, such as an increase in the number of young cells (reticulocytes) in the blood. Anisocytosis is a condition where the red blood cells (RBC), which are the blood cells that carry oxygen, are unequal in size. During the test, a pathologist smears a slide with a sample of your blood and then stains the slide to view the different types of cells within the sample. It is usually seen in anemia and other blood disorders. They are released to blood when they are mature enough. The only treatment required is oral administration of iron salts in some palatable form, such as ferrous sulfate. Spherocytes: are nearly spherical erythrocytes which are nearly spherical erythrocytes which usually have a diameter smaller than normal. These types of cancers are likely to show polychromasia during blood testing. What is the significance of polychromasia? Sickle cell anemia and thalassemia are two types of inherited hemolytic anemia. In the mild form of the disease, thalassemia minor, there is usually only slight or no anemia, and life expectancy is normal. Injury may be accidental, as with moth ball (naphthalene) ingestion in children, or it may be the undesirable effect of a drug used therapeutically. (2017). Polychromasia is diagnosed using a blood test called a peripheral blood smear. In this article, well discuss what polychromasia is, what blood disorders can cause it, and what the symptoms might be for those underlying conditions. RBCs are typically a circular shape with a diameter of approximately 7.5 micrometers and lighter coloring in the center, referred to as central . Iron is an essential component of hemoglobin, which is the substance that red blood cells use to carry oxygen to cells and tissues throughout the body.In this condition, red blood cells cannot access iron in the blood, so there is a decrease of red blood cell production (anemia . In practice, it means that some of the red cells stain shades of bluish grey (Fig. l Pale staining of RBC due to thin cell and low Hb conc. Then special stains are used for colouring them. As the name implies, iron deficiency anemia is due to insufficient iron. Thalassemia major Cancer in the bone marrow. Certain blood disorders can cause your bone marrow to release blood cells early, and these cells show up as polychromasia on a blood test called a peripheral blood smear. Red blood cell morphology showed striking (3+) anisocytosis, polychromasia, and basophilic stippling (Figures 4, 5), as well as moderate (2+) hypochromia, microcytosis, and poikilocytosis, and mild (1+) target cells and fragments (Figure 6). Learn about causes, symptoms, and treatment. Share. Symptoms may include jaundice, fatigue, gallstones, high blood pressure, and/or a pronounced forehead. Tachycardia occurs and the heart beat increases up to 100 beats per minute. However, left untreated, iron deficiency anemia can become severe and lead to health problems, including the following: To diagnose iron deficiency anemia, your doctor may run tests to look for: If your bloodwork indicates iron deficiency anemia, your doctor may order additional tests to identify an underlying cause, such as: Your doctor may order these or other tests after a trial period of treatment with iron supplementation. Parasitic Infection. It is characterized by the presence of red cells that appear small, stain densely for hemoglobin, and look nearly spherical. Treating underlying causes of iron deficiency. In the male there is virtually no further need for iron. When you don't have enough red blood cells for your organs and tissues to get as much oxygen as they need, you develop anemia. For example, common cell colors can range from blue to deep purple, and more. Tachycardia occurs and the heart beat increases up to 100 beats per minute. Cows milk isnt a good source of iron for babies and isnt recommended for infants under 1 year. This chapter includes symptoms, signs, abnormal . The abnormality is aggravated by a tendency for the cells to remain longer than usual in the spleen because of their spheroidal shape. This results in a bluish colour of the skin and mucous membranes (cyanosis). Thanks to improved treatments, people with PNH now have near-standard life expectancy. Why did you have the blood checked in the first place? Depending on the cause, treatment may include: Adewoyin, A., Adeyemi, O., Davies, N., and Ogbenna, A. Enthrocyte, IntechOpen, 2019. So send us the full report of your CBC and we can explain things to you better. RDW 14.6 Aniso Few Ovalocyte. Polychromasia shows up when your red blood cells appear blue or gray when treated with the dye. A peripheral blood film is a diagnostic tool that can be used to diagnose and monitor diseases that affect blood cells. The defect in thalassemia may involve the -chains of globin (-thalassemia), the -chains (-thalassemia), the -chains (-thalassemia), or both - and -chain synthesis. In thalassemia it is thought that a primary genetic mutation results in reduction in the rate at which -, -, or -chains are manufactured, the chains being otherwise normal. It may be so mild as to pass unnoticed for years, but it may suddenly become severee.g., when an incidental respiratory infection briefly suppresses the accelerated production of red cells necessary to meet the constantly increased rate of their destruction. In addition, when any type of cancer has spread across the body, it can cause further destruction of RBCs. 4 Cell biology. ( anulocyte ) , . While polychromasia itself isnt a condition, it can be caused by an underlying blood disorder. The disadvantage of such arbitrary criteria is that . Abnormalities also have been discovered in the alternative process of glucose metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway. This is indicative of alpha-Thalassemia. Hemoglobin H crystals are associated with Hemoglobin H disease. A minor fraction of normal adult hemoglobin consists of Hb A2, which contains - and delta- (-) chains. Besides the best-known blood groupsA, B, and Othere are other groups to which a person may develop antibodies that will cause transfusion reactions. Polychromasia is the most important indicator of responsiveness to anemia, and may be further quantitated by counting reticulocytes. 5-62) - these are the reticulocytes. Anemia is recognized as a low hematocrit, hemoglobin, or red blood cell count value. Deficiencies of enzymes such as pyruvate kinase in this pathway shorten red cell survival times because energy-requiring activities within the red cell are curtailed. cardiovascular disease: Shock due to inadequate blood volume, Learn about sickle cell anemia and how a tiny microfluidic device can help analyze the behaviour of blood from sickle cell patients, Diseases related to platelets and coagulation proteins, 17 Questions About Health and Wellness Answered, 44 Questions from Britannicas Most Popular Health and Medicine Quizzes, Cardiovascular & Circulatory System Diseases. An impaired formation of alpha-chains leads to an overage of beta-chains. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The four most common RBC inclusions are Howell-Jolly bodies, Pappenheimer bodies, Heinz bodies and basophilic stippling. So polychromasia is a finding that helps to detect conditions or diseases causing a fault in these mechanisms. In cases where you have lost or are losing a lot of blood, polychromasia may show up on your peripheral blood smear. Mixing Benadryl and alcohol can be dangerous ! Hypochromia is often seen with microcytosis and thus have similar . 1 doctor answer 1 doctor weighed in. The Polychromasia is a type of condition in which the red blood cells inside the body start turn grayish blue in color. A high percentage of polychromatophilic cells (reticulocytes) may result in an increased MCV and decreased MCH or MCHC. Cells can be normochromic (as they are in normal blood), or hypochromic (as they are in IDA). American Society of Hematology: "Blood Basics. If . Polychromasia refers red cells of a range of colours. Persons with iron-deficiency anemia are pale but not jaundiced. Usually, RBCs, also called erythrocytes, are nearly identical in shape and size. 28. Check the full list of possible causes and conditions now! Anemia signs and symptoms vary depending on the cause of your anemia. The table below lists the most common conditions that can cause polychromasia. When Hypochromasia is caused by the parasitic infections then you should go for a Homeopathic treatment called Cina, which is very effective in treating this.. 4. Spherocytes can have an elevated MCHC. With the exception of iron deficiency and thalassemia, hypochromic microcytic anemia is rare. Polychromasia can be a sign of a serious blood disorder, such as hemolytic anemia or blood cancer. Antibodies to the substances alpha- and beta-isoagglutinin, which occur naturally in the blood, destroy the donor red cells when incompatible blood is given by transfusion. This indicates they have more of a substance called ribonucleic acid (RNA) than normal red blood cells. . Typically, red blood cells turn a salmon pink color when stained. The abnormality in the globin molecule that accounts for this is usually in an area of the molecule called the heme pocket, which normally protects the iron against oxidation, despite the fact that oxygen is being carried at this site. The full effect of the deficiency is rarely observed in females because the gene is sex-linked (i.e., carried on the X chromosome), and only rarely do both X chromosomes carry the abnormal gene. This is typically from the normal pink to the to the purplish colour which results from the uptake of eosin by haemoglobin and basic dye by residual RNA. 6 Principles of clinical oncology. A rare immature myeloid cell was seen on scanning (Figure 7). What does Polychromasia 2+ mean? If a doctor has noted that you have polychromasia, there are several underlying conditions that are most likely the cause. But symptoms worsen as anemia worsens. There are different types of anemia and the most common ones that are linked with anisocytosis are the following: IDA (iron deficiency anemia) - it is caused by insufficient iron in the body. In the adult the body content is approximately 3.7 grams of iron, of which more than half is hemoglobin. This can cause reticulocytes to be released into the blood prematurely as the body compensates for the lack of RBCs. . They are present along with normal or abnormal mature RBCs. Polychromasia ( , many) 78 . The cause of hypochromia should be evaluated by your health care provider. All rights reserved to Healthcaretip.com | Powered by Blogger. However, the underlying conditions causing polychromasia can cause a variety of different symptoms. Causes of iron deficiency anemia include: These groups of people may have an increased risk of iron deficiency anemia: You can reduce your risk of iron deficiency anemia by choosing iron-rich foods. Pneumobilia Pain - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, Ul Blepharochalasis - Pictures, Meaning, Symptoms, Ca Hypergonadism - Pictures, Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, Retrognathia - Pictures, Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, Pseudoparkinsonism - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, Hypermetabolism - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, Iron deficiency anemia (due to iron deficiency on red blood cells), Sideroblastic anemia (it can be inherited due to gene mutation or can be acquired. Am J Cardiol. In the body they break up when deprived of free access to plasma glucose. These cells are larger than normal RBCs, lack a central pallor, and stain a pale blue. Hemorrhaging can be external, or outside of the body, from an injury or wound. Polychromasia: Changeable terms used to indicate the increased presence of non-nucleated immature erythrocytes (Polychromatophilic erythrocytes) that contain residual RNA which gives a blue-gray tint to the red cells. Piles and hemorrhoids are another cause of this condition. Parvovirus is known to cause this transient cessation of erythropoiesis, and the development of severe anemia under these circumstances is termed aplastic crisis. It means you have premature RBCs in your blood. As we have already established, the word Hypochromasia means that the red blood cells lack their red coloring and for this reason, they are pale in color. These measurements were more sensitive than the conventional red cell indices for detecting blood donors with a low transferrin saturation. Dr. Michael Dugan answered. Sometimes it can lead to a diagnosis of anisocytosis. An insufficient centrifugation . Thalassaemia. Once in the body, it is retained and used over and over again, only minimal amounts being lost through shedding of cells from the skin and the exposed membranes and, in the female, through normal menstruation. With this test RBC size, morphology and indices can be examined. These cells are likely reticulocytes, which are immature non-nucleated red cells which have only just . The thalassemias are another group of inherited disorders in which one or more of the polypeptide chains of globin are synthesized defectively. Red cells are formed in the liver at a young age and bone marrow takes over as you grow older. To be sure that your iron reserves are replenished, you may need to take iron supplements for a year or more. Red cell morphology: Ovalocytes are red blood cells which have lost their normal biconcave shape. Trapping of the red cells by the spleen is thought to depend on the fact that, when brought into contact with reticuloendothelial cells, red cells coated with incomplete (nonhemolytic) antibody adhere, become spherical, are ingested (phagocytosed), and break down. It carries oxygen from lung and releases to various organs. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). However, blood cancers can greatly affect the health of your blood cells. The most common cause of hypochromia in the United States is not enough iron in the body (iron deficiency). Reduced platelets b. The term hypochromia refers to RBC populations in which the MCHC is < 30%. Thus, if only one parent transmits the gene for Hb S, the offspring inherits the trait but is harmed relatively little; the red cells contain more Hb A than Hb S. If the trait is inherited from both parents, the predominant hemoglobin in the red cell is Hb S; the serious and sometimes fatal disease sickle cell anemia is the consequence. A image of a CLL peripheral blood smear showing polychromasia in numerous red blood cells. Hypochromasia +1 means that the lack of red coloring matter on red blood cells is in minimal amount. Polychromasia means multi coloured red blood cells in your blood. This test is performed by smearing a small sample of your blood on a slide, staining it with a special dye, and examining it under a microscope. Preventing iron deficiency anemia in infants. ", Patient: "Bone Marrow and Bone Marrow Failure.". Iron is required for hemoglobin formation; if the supply is insufficient to produce normal quantities of hemoglobin, the bone marrow ultimately is forced to produce cells that are smaller than normal and poorly filled with hemoglobin. But as the body becomes more deficient in iron and anemia worsens, the signs and symptoms intensify. In some cases no mRNA is produced. Red blood cells carry oxygen to the bodys tissues. Sore mouth shows the severity of disease. Codocytes, or Target Cells, resemble targets, a bullseye or Mexican hats. If you arent consuming enough iron, or if youre losing too much iron, your body cant produce enough hemoglobin, and iron deficiency anemia will eventually develop. Ferrum met and ferrum phos are the bone marrow stimulating agents which produce the healthy Red blood cells. 3, 4. This finding may occur in the context of haemolysis, though may also be seen during recovery following . Iron deficiency is the most common cause of microcytic anemia. Beta-thalassemia comprises the majority of all thalassemias. Certain chemical agents destroy red cells whenever sufficient amounts are given (e.g., phenylhydrazine); others are harmful only to persons whose red cells are sensitive to the action of the agent. So polychromasia is a finding that helps to detect conditions or diseases causing a fault in these mechanisms. )These cells are often shades of grayish-blue. Polychromasia indicates presence of immature younger cells in your blood. Iron Deficiency. This decrease in redness is due to a disproportionate reduction of red . Hemolytic anemia can also result as the consequence of an environment hostile to the red cell. 1 On being a patient. Underlying conditions that cause polychromasia, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4415389/, sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/polychromasia, seattlecca.org/diseases/blood-disorders/treatment-options, hopkinsmedicine.org/kimmel_cancer_center/types_cancer/paroxysmal_nocturnal_hemoglobinuria_PNH.html, urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=160&ContentID=34, Taking Control of Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria, What You Need to Know About Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria, Your FAQs Answered: What is Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH), occurs due to an increased destruction of RBCs, causes an increased turnover of RBCs, can cause hemolytic anemia, blood clots, and bone marrow dysfunction the latter possibly bringing on early release of RBCs, symptoms of hemolytic anemia (listed above). A form of hemolytic anemia that is relatively common depends on the formation of antibodies within the patients body against his own red cells (autoimmune hemolytic anemia). Polychromasia is caused when immature RBCs, called reticulocytes, are released prematurely from bone marrow. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC. Category: Hemoglobinopathies Adewoyin AS, et al. After exposure to a supravital stain, the cytoplasm organelles of these cells clump into an easily recognized blue-staining reticulum and the cells is called a reticulocytes. Various conditions we are going to discuss below lead to this finding. Anisocytosis: is a generic term used to indicate variation in shape of erythrocytes (e.g. Thus, sickle-thalassemia and Hb E-thalassemia are relatively common. 3. The red blood cells produced are microcytic and hypochromic. Children aged 6 months to 6 years are considered anemic at Hb levels less than 11 g/dL, and children aged 6-14 years are considered anemic when Hb levels are less than 12 g/dL. Anisochromic (Normochromic plus Hypochromic) Polychromasia: Changeable terms used to indicate the increased presence of non-nucleated immature erythrocytes (Polychromatophilic erythrocytes) that . Inherited anemia happens when your parents pass down the gene for the disease to you. If iron supplements dont increase your blood-iron levels, its likely the anemia is due to a source of bleeding or an iron-absorption problem that your doctor will need to investigate and treat. . This condition occurs because of increased rate of speed of RBC production, or because of faulty RBC factory that is bone marrow. Rouleaux formation: describes an aggregation of erythrocytes that are aligned one upon the other, resembling stacks of coins, Agglutination of red cells: is caused by agglutinins and resembles Rouleaux but is more irregular with round clumps rather than linear Rouleaux.